ܡܬܠ̈ܐ ܕܡܠܠܐ ܢܨܪܐܠܕܝܢ

   ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܕܡܲܬܠܸ̈ܐ ܕܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܸܠܕܝܼܢ ܦܝܼܫܵܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܟܬܝܼܒܼܵܐ ܒܝܲܕ ܝܘܿܢܵܬܵܢ ܒܹܝܬ ܣܘܼܠܵܝܡܵܢ ܘܦܪܝܼܣܵܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܒܫܸܢ݇ܬܵܐ 1933 ܒܢܘܼܒܪܝܼܬܹܝܢ، ܟܵܢܹܝܬܝܼܟܵܬ ܕܐܵܡܹܝܪܝܼܟܵܐ. ܒܗܿܝ ܕܚܲܕ݇ ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܡܲܒܣܸܡܵܢܵܐ ܕܠܸܐ ܡܲܫܟ̰ܸܚ ܓܵܘ ܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܘܠܸܐ ܡܵܛܸܐ ܠܐܝܼܕܵܐ ܕܖ̈ܲܚܡܸܐ ܕܣܵܦܪܵܝܘܼܬܵܐ ܡܘܼܚܫܸܚܠܲܢ ܕܟܵܬܒܼܲܚ ܠܗ݇ܘܿܢ ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܡܼܢ ܡܲܬ̈ܠܘܼܗܝ ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܟܘܼܪܵܣܵܐ ܕܩܵܖ̈ܘܿܝܲܢ ܡܘܼܚܸܒܸ̈ܐ ܩܵܪܝܼ ܠܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܡܲܬܠܘܼܗ̈ܝ ܘܫܵܩܠܝܼ ܒܘܼܣܵܡܵܐ ܡܸܢܲܝܗܝ. ܐܵܢܲܢܩܵܝܬܵܐ ܝܠܵܗܿ ܠܡܲܕܟܼܘܼܪܸܐ ܕܦܝܼܫܠܲܢ ܥܸܨܝܸ̈ܐ ܕܥܵܒܼܕܲܚ ܚܲܕ݇ ܬܘܼܪܵܨܵܐ ܩܲܠܝܼܠܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܡܘܼܠܵܝܵܐ ܕܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܕܕܵܒܼܸܩ ܥܲܡ ܗܿܘ ܡܘܼܠܵܝܵܐ ܕܡܲܦܠܘܼܚܘܼܗܝ ܝܘܲܚ ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܙܲܒܼܢܵܐ. ܒܣܲܒܼܪܵܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܕܒܸܕ ܦܵܐܸܫ ܪܸܕܝܵܐ.

 

   ܒܥܘܼܬܵܕܵܐ ܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܗܵܕܟܼܵܐ ܡܲܕܟܼܘܼܪܸܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܣܵܝܘܿܡܵܐ "ܚܲܕ݇ܟ̰ܵܐ ܦܝܵܫܵܐ ܟܠܲܝܗܝ ܡܸܠܲܬܸ̈ܐ ܕܡܲܕܢܚܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ ܠܗ݇ܘܿܢ ܗܲܩܝܵܬܸ̈ܐ ܡܲܒܣܡܵܢܸ̈ܐ ܕܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܸܠܕܝܼܢ، ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܸ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܒܘܼܨܡܸܢܸ̈ܐ ܐܵܢܝܼ ܕܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܘܼܫ ܫܲܪܝܼܖܸ̈ܐ، ܠܲܚܘܼܡܸ̈ܐ ܘܡܵܪܵܐ ܕܐܲܕܲܒ. ܬܵܪܝܼܚ ܒܟܸܪܝܘܼܬܵܐ ܗܲܩܘܼܝܵܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܸܠܕܝܼܢ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡܼܢ ܛܲܝܸܦܵܐ ܕܩܪܪ ܘܫܸܡܘܼܗܝ ܣܲܪܲܣܬ ܐܲܒܘܼܐܲܠܥܵܣܝܼܢ. ܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܥܵܩܸܠܕܵܪ ܘܗܵܘܢܵܢܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܕܠܲܝܬ ܐܲܝܟܼ ܕܝܼܘܼܗܝ، ܒܘܼܬ ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܣܲܒܵܒܸ̈ܐ ܓܵܢܘܼܗܝ ܕܸܪܝܵܐ ܠܸܗ ܠܐܲܗܡܵܩܘܼܬܵܐ. ܒܝܲܕ ܡܲܬܠܘܼܗܝ ܡܛܸܐ ܠܸܗ ܥܲܠ ܢܝܼܵܬܘܼܗܝ ܩܵܐ ܬܲܪܲܨܬܵܐ ܕܒܵܨܘܼܖ̈ܘܵܬܸܐ ܕܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܓܵܘ ܫܵܘܬܵܦܘܼܬܵܐ ܒܚܲܝܸ̈ܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܝܸܐ ܒܢܸܣܒܲܬ ܕܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܸܗ

ܚܲܕ݇ ܣܲܗܡܵܐ (ܡܼܢ ܡܲܬܠܸ̈ܐ) ܦܝܼܫܸ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܫܩܝܼܠܸ̈ܐ ܡܼܢ ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܕܡܢܵܚܵܐ ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ ܙܲܝܥܵܐ ܘܲܪܕܵܐ ܒܹܝܬ ܝܵܘܣܸܦ ܕܢܵܙܝܼ، ܘܚܲܕ݇ ܣܲܗܡܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܸܪ݇ܢܵܐ ܙܸܐ ܓ̰ܘܼܡܥܘܼܗܝ ܝܘܸܢ ܡܼܢ ܟܬܵܒܼܸ̈ܐ ܐ݇ܚܸܖ̈݇ܢܸܐ ܕܒܢܲܝ̈ ܡܲܕܢܚܵܐ ܘܥܒܼܝܼܕܘܼܗܝ ܝܘܸܢ ܚܲܕ݇ ܟܬܵܒܼܵܐ ܡܸܠܝܵܐ ܡܲܒܣܸܡܵܢܵܐ ܘܣܩܝܼܠܵܐ ܒܫܸܟܠܸ̈ܐ.

   ܗܲܡܘܼܢܸܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܕܒܢܘܼܢܸ̈ܐ ܘܒܢܵܬܸ̈ܐ ܫܲܪܝܼܖܸ̈ܐ ܕܡܸܠܲܬ ܒܸܕ ܡܲܬܒܼܝܼ ܩܲܕܪܵܐ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܝ. ܐܵܦܸܢ ܕܐܝܼܬ ܠܸܗ ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܒܵܨܘܼܖ̈ܘܵܬܸܐ ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܗܸܒܼܝܼ ܝܘܸܢ ܕܒܸܕ ܦܵܝܫܸܢ ܦܘܼܚܠܵܐ ܒܝܘܼܠܦܵܢܵܐ ܒܵܨܘܿܪܵܐ ܕܐܝܼܬ ܠܝܼ."

ܡܬܠܐ ܩܕ݇ܡܝܐ

   ܚܲܕ݇ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܒܘܼܩܸܖ̈ܗ݇ܘܿܢ ܡܼܢ ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܲܠܕܝܼܢ ܕܡܼܢ ܓܵܢܘܼܟܼ ܒܘܼܫ ܐܲܗܡܲܩ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܚܸܙܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ؟ ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܓ̰ܘܼܘܸܒܠܸܗ: ܗܸܐ. ܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ: ܚܲܕ݇ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܡܲܬܪܘܼܨܸܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܚܕܵܐ ܐܘܿܬܵܓܼ ܩܵܐ ܓܵܢܝܼ. ܡܘܼܬ݇ܝܸܐ ܠܝܼ ܢܲܓ̰ܲܪ ܕܫܵܩܸܠ ܠܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܥܘܼܗܿ ܘܬܵܪܸܨ ܠܵܗܿ. ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܩܲܘܲܡܬܵܐ ܐܘܼܣܬܵܐܕ ܕܠܵܐ ܕܪܵܥܝܵܐ ܘܕܠܵܐ ܬܲܢܲܦ ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܸܗ، ܩܵܐ ܟܝܘܼܠܘܼܗܝ ܬܸܪܘܵܝ ܕܪܵܥܢܵܢܘܼܗܝ ܦܬܝܼܚܲܝܗܝ ܠܸܗ ܘܫܩܸܠܸܗ ܠܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܥܵܐ. ܘܗܿܝܓܵܗ ܫܘܼܪܸܐ ܠܸܗ ܠܸܐܙܵܠܵܐ ܟ̰ܸܡ ܒܪܵܒܵܐ ܗܸܫܝܵܪܘܼܬܵܐ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܘܼܗܝ ܕܠܵܐ ܗܵܘܸܐ ܕܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܵܩܸܪ ܒܕܪܵܥܢܵܢܘܼܗܝ ܘܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܦܲܪܦܸܣ.

   ܒܬܲܩܕܝܼܪ (ܒܬܲܦܩܘܼ) ܥܲܠ ܕܗܿܝ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܚܲܕ݇ ܩܘܼܢܝܵܐ ܥܲܡܩܘܼ. ܟܲܕ ܐܘܼܣܬܵܐܕ ܥܲܝܢܘܼܗܝ ܩܲܙܘܼܕܸܐ ܥܲܠ ܕܪܵܥܢܵܢܘܼܗܝ، ܡܼܢ ܢܵܓܸܣܬܲܢ ܢܦܝܼܠܸܗ ܓܵܘ ܩܘܼܢܝܵܐ. ܗܿܝܓܵܗ ܓ̰ܡܸܥܠܗ݇ܘܿܢ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܸ̈ܐ ܩܵܐ ܕܦܵܠܛܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܠܸܗ. ܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ: ܐܵܝ ܐܲܚܘܿܢܘܵܬܝܼ، ܠܸܐ ܗܵܘܸܐ ܕܕܵܒܼܩܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܡܼܢ ܕܪܵܥܢܵܢܝܼ ܣܲܒܲܒ ܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܦܲܪܦܸܣ. ܒܲܣ ܒܘܼܫ ܨܦܵܝܝܼ ܝܠܵܗܿ ܕܒܼܘܿܩܘܿܢ ܡܼܢ ܕܸܩܢܝܼ ܩܵܐ ܕܗܵܘܝܵܐ ܗܲܣܵܢܝܝܼ ܦܠܵܛܬܝܼ ܡܼܢ ܓܵܘ ܩܘܼܢܝܵܐ. ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܬܲܗܲܪ ܐܝܼܬ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܸ̈ܐ، ܐܵܢܝܼ ܕܝܼܢܵܐ ܐܲܗܡܲܩ.

 

ܡܬܠܐ ܒ

   ܚܲܕ݇ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܚܲܕ݇ ܩܲܪܝܵܢܵܐ ܝܬܝܼܒܼܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܡܲܪܙܵܐ ܕܚܕܵܐ ܗܲܘܘܼܙ (ܦܸܣܩܝܼܢܵܐ). ܐܝܼܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܒܐܝܼܕܘܼܗܝ ܚܲܕ݇ ܙܘܼܙܵܐ ܕܚܲܡܫܵܐ ܫܵܗ݇ܝܸ̈ܐ. ܡܼܢ ܢܵܓܸܣܬܵܢ ܙܘܼܙܵܐ ܢܦܝܼܠܸܗ ܓܵܘ ܡܝܼܵ̈ܐ ܘܗܿܘ ܪܚܝܼܛܠܸܗ ܓ̰ܲܠܕܸܐ ܠܗܘܼܓ̰ܪܘܼܗܝ (ܕܘܼܟܵܢܘܼܗܝ). ܫܩܝܼܠܸܗ ܠܚܘܼܛܪܘܼܗܝ ܘܦܘܼܫܸܛܠܸܗ ܓܵܘ ܕܗܿܝ ܗܲܘܘܼܙ ܘܗܲܪ ܗ݇ܘܸܐ ܠܸܗ ܚܲܪܒܘܼܫܸܐ ܓܵܘ ܗܲܘܘܼܙ. ܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ ܩܵܘܡܵܐ ܕܙܘܼܙܵܐ ܬܵܦܸܐ ܒܪܸܫܵܐ ܕܩܲܝܣܵܐ ܘܦܵܠܸܛܠܸܗ. ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܸܠܕܝܼܢ ܚܒܝܼܪܸܗ ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܼ ܫܸܐܕܵܢܵܐ ܕܒܸܥܒܼܵܕܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܩܲܪܝܵܢܵܐ. ܪܵܒܵܐ ܡܲܙܸܡܲܬ ܥܒܼܝܼܕܠܸܗ (ܡܘܼܢܟܼܸܣܠܸܗ) ܘܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ ܐܸܢ ܐܲܚܬܘܿܢ ܩܲܖ̈ܝܵܢܸܐ ܗܵܕܟܼܵܐ ܫܘܼܓܼܠܵܐ ܫܸܐܕܵܢܵܐ ܘܒܸܐ ܗܵܘܢܵܐ ܒܸܥܒܼܵܕܵܐ ܝܬܘܿܢ، ܒܲܣ ܒܸܐܟ̰ܵܪܵܐ ܥܲܠܡܵܝܸ̈ܐ ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܓܲܪܲܓ ܥܵܒܼܕܝܼ؟

ܡܬܠܐ ܓ

ܚܲܕ݇ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܢܲܨܪܐܲܠܕܝܼܢ ܫܩܝܼܠܸܗ ܠܚܕܵܐ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܚܸܛܸ̈ܐ ܘܪܚܝܼܫܠܸܗ ܠܐܸܪܚܸܐ ܠܸܛܚܵܢܵܐ ܩܲܡܚܵܐ. ܟܲܕ ܚܙܸܐ ܠܸܗ ܠܛܲܚܵܢܵܐ ܒܠܝܼܓܵܐ ܫܘܼܪܸܐ ܠܸܗ ܠܫܩܵܠܵܐ ܚܸܛܸ̈ܐ ܡܼܢ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܐ݇ܚܸܖ̈݇ܢܸܐ ܘܒܸܕܪܵܝܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܓܵܢܘܼܗܝ. ܡܼܢ ܢܵܓܸܣܬܵܢ ܛܲܚܵܢܵܐ ܚܒܝܼܪܸܗ ܒܐܵܗܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܼ ܕܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܒܸܥܒܼܵܕܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ. ܛܲܚܵܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ: ܐܵܝ ܐܲܗܡܲܩ، ܩܵܐ ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܗܵܕܟܼܵܐ ܒܸܥܒܼܵܕܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ؟ ܚܘܼ ܠܸܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܫܘܼܕܸܢܵܐ؟ ܐܸܢ ܐܲܢ݇ܬ ܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܕܘܼܙ ܝܘܸܬ ܩܵܐ ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܡܼܢ ܚܸܛܸ̈ܐ ܕܓܵܢܘܼܟܼ ܠܸܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܒܸܕܪܵܝܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܐ݇ܚܸܖ̈݇ܢܸܐ؟ ܓ̰ܘܼܘܸܒܠܸܗ ܡܲܠܠܵܐ ܘܐ݇ܡܸܪܸܗ: ܐܸܢ ܡܼܢ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܐ݇ܚܸܖ̈݇ܢܸܐ ܒܸܫܩܵܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܚܸܛܸ̈ܐ ܘܒܸܕܪܵܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܓܵܘ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܓܵܢܝܼ ܚܲܕ݇ ܐܲܗܡܲܩ ܝܘܸܢ، ܒܲܣ ܐܸܢ ܡܼܢ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܓܵܢܝܼ ܫܵܩܠܸܢ ܘܕܵܪܸܝܢ ܓܵܘ ܓ̰ܘܵܠܵܐ ܕܐ݇ܚܸܖ̈݇ܢܸܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܸܢ ܬܪܸܝ ܐܲܗܡܵܩܸ̈ܐ؟

ܕܘܖ̈ܫܐ ܓܕܝܡ̈ܐ

܀ ܒܡܲܢܵܝܘܼܬܵܐ (ܚܸܫܒܘܼܢܵܐ) ܐܝܼܬ ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܡܸܢܝܵܢܸ̈ܐ ܕܟܸܐ ܦܵܝܫܝܼ ܩܸܖ̈ܝܸܐ ܒܸܨܖܸ̈ܐ ܥܣܝܼܖ̈ܵܝܸܐ ܝܲܢ

ܕܪܵܒܵܐ ܐܵܢܲܢܩܵܝܸ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܒܗܲܡܙܲܡܬܵܐ ܝܲܢ ܒܚܸܫܒܘܼܢܵܐ. ܘܟܲܕ ܠܸܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܦܝܼܫܸ̈ܐ

  Decimal Function

ܡܘܼܢܗܸܖܸ̈ܐ ܒܟܬܵܒܼܸ̈ܐ ܕܡܲܕܖ̈ܲܫܝܵܬܸܐ ܐܵܬܘܼܖ̈ܵܝܸܐ ܕܗܲܠ ܐܸܕܝܘܿܡ ܩܸܪܝܲܝܗܝ ܝܘܲܚ،

  ܦܝܼܫܸ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܢܸܫܝܸ̈ܐ. ܒܘܼܬ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܒܸܕ ܡܲܢܗܸܪܲܚ ܠܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܡܸܢܲܝܗܝ 

2܇1 : ܦܲܠܓܵܐ

3܇1 : ܬܘܼܠܬܵܐ

4܇1 : ܪܘܼܒܼܥܵܐ

5܇1 : ܚܘܼܡܫܵܐ

6܇1 : ܫܘܼܬܬܵܐ

7܇1 : ܫܘܼܒܼܥܵܐ

8܇1 : ܬܘܼܡܢܵܐ

9܇1 : ܬܘܼܫܥܵܐ

10܇1 : ܥܘܼܣܪܵܐ

܀ ܐܲܝܟܼ ܕܟܸܐ ܝܵܕܥܲܚ، ܗܲܠ ܕܵܖܸ̈ܐ ܚܲܖ̈ܵܝܸܐ ܒܠܸܫܵܢܵܐ ܐܵܬܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ ܐܵܬܘܵܬܸ̈ܐ ܕܐܵܠܲܦ ܒܹܝܬ ܟܸܐ ܦܵܝܫܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܡܘܼܦܠܸܚܸ̈ܐ

ܩܵܐ ܪܫܵܡܬܵܐ ܕܡܸܢܝܵܢܸ̈ܐ    

1: ܐ             20: ܟ             200: ܪ            1000: ܐ̄

2: ܒ            30: ܠ             300: ܫ         10،000: ܐ̱

3: ܓ            40: ܡ             400: ܬ

4: ܕ             50: ܢ             500: ܢܿ

5: ܗ            60: ܣ             600: ܣܿ

6: ܘ            70: ܥ             700: ܥܿ

7: ܙ            80: ܦ             800: ܦܿ

8: ܚ           90: ܨ              900: ܨܿ

9: ܛ         100: ܩ             

10: ܝ

܀ ܩܵܐ ܟܬܵܒܼܬܵܐ ܕܡܸܢܝܵܢܸ̈ܐ ܡܐܲܝܟܼ 21 ܟܸܐ ܟܵܬܒܼܲܚ ܟܐ ܕܒܸܚܒܼܵܫܵܐ ܝܠܸܗ ܡܼܢ ܟ (20) + ܐ (1). ܐܵܦ ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܡܸܢܝܵܢܸ̈ܐ ܡܐܲܝܟܼ 101 ܗܵܕܟܼܵܐ ܟܸܐ ܟܵܬܒܼܲܚ ܠܗ݇ܘܿܢ: ܩܐ ܒܗܿܝ ܕܩ ܝܠܵܗܿ 100 ܘܒܸܙܝܵܕܵܐ ܝܠܵܗܿ ܥܲܠܘܼܗܿ ܐܵܬܘܼܬܵܐ ܕܐ ܕܝܼܠܵܗܿ ܫܲܘܝܵܐ ܥܲܡ